Scriptures have so beautifully
divided into phases the course of human life for saving the human being from
painful situations that man can get the full joy of human life and yet not get
any occasion for making his future dark for indifference to God or being
burdened under His obligations. This arrangement is before us as the special
activities in the first and second halves of life. Four phases of life are
ordained in Hindu scriptures - these four phases are Brahmacharya-Ashram (student
life with celibacy). Gruhastha- Ashram (life as a householder), Vanprasth-
Ashram (or gradual detachment from physical world and doing social work) and
Sannyas-Ashram (renunciation).Among the four phases, Brahmachary- Ashram and
gruhasth-Ashram are meant for worldly achievement and enjoyment by developing
your strength through people's co-operation. It is also mentioned in the
scriptures to discharge one's obligations in these first two phases, but the
second half of life is considered essential for discharge of obligation.
Vanprasth-Ashram and Sannyas-Ashram are included in the second half. They are
as useful and essential as learning, marriage and earning money in the first
half.
It is seen that people despise
those peoplt who cannot study, cannot get married or cannot earn money, as
unsuccessful, but it is really surprising that those who are indifferent to
their duty for the latter-half of life are not looked down upon. Actually such
persons should be criticized just like criticism heaped upon a boy who shirks
going to school or criticism on man for his vagrancy and not earning money. One
who does not discharge his debt or obligation despite an opportunity, whose
desire is to take loan and run away, such a person loses value in the eyes of
others. Similarly a person, who, on attaining the age of 50 years, does not
accept the duty of serving others, it is but proper if such people are declared
as social-culprits and socially boycotted. Committees of castes and clans
punish a person by out casting etc when he breaks a rule of their caste or
clan. It would be much better if the householders - who with to wallow like
worms in the mud of desires and passions - are also punished likewise. As soon
as the eldest children become mature enough, family responsibilities should be
gradually transferred to them. As soon as we feel confident about the eldest
son's capacity to look after the family, then most available time should be
employed in discharging societal debt. This itself is the purpose of the third
phase of life, called Vanprasth-Ashram
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