Vedas means Supreme Knowledge. Rik, Yaju, Sam and
Atharva are four branches of knowledge. Spiritual well-being and fulfillment,
self realization, peace of mind, Brahma, Nirvana, dutifulness, love Tapas,
compassion, beneficence, generosity, service etc. fall under Rigved.
Generosity, velour, courage, gallantry, self defense, leadership, fame, victory,
power, dignity etc fall under Yajurved. Samved deals with games, sports,
amusement, recreation, music, arts, literature, sensual enjoyment, beauty,
harmony, poetic imagery dynamism, refined taste, gratification etc. Wealth,
prosperity, accumulation of money and resources, medicines, good grains,
materials, metals, buildings, vehicles, animals and similar other materials of
worldly wellbeing fall within the purview of Atharva Veda.
If the subtle and material internal and external
activities and imaginations of any living being are seriously and
scientifically examined, it will appear that its entire consciousness moves
within these four spheres. The current of knowledge of all living being flows
only in the four direction of - (1) Rik- spiritual wellbeing and fulfillment,
(2) Yaju- velour, (3) Sam- enjoyment and (4) Atharva- prosperity. Rik is also
known as righteousness, Yaju as liberation (Moksha), Sam as sensual pleasure
(Kam) and Atharva as prosperity (Arth). These are four faces of Brahma. Brahma
has been described four-faced, because although having only one face, there is
outflow of four currents of knowledge from his mouth. Although supreme
knowledge or law which is called Veda is one, it manifests in four different
aspects. This is the secret behind the four aspects, four stages of human life
(Ashrams) and four social divisions (Varnas) have been formed. Childhood is the
s tage of playfulness and self development; youth of raising a family and
earning money; Vanprastha of virility and Sanyas of doing welfare activities.
According to this fourfold division, Brahman is Rik, Kshatriya is Yaju, Vaishya
is Atharva and Shudra is Sam.
These four kinds of knowledge are off-shoots of that
creative consciousness of Brahma which has been described in the ancient
scriptures by the name of Gayatri. Thus Gayatri is mother of four Vedas and it
is therefore, called Vedmata. Just as water manifests in four different forms
of ice, vapor (cloud, dew, fog etc.), air (Hydrogen, Oxygen) and liquid, and
fire manifests in the forms of burning, heat, light and movement, so also
Gayatri manifests in the form of four Vedas, four kinds of knowledge, Gayatri is
the mother and four Vedas her progeny.
This much about the subtle form of Vedmata
Gayatri. Now let us consider its gross
form. Before creating this four Vedas, Brahma created Gayatri Mantra consisting
of twenty-four letters. Every letter of this Mantra is instinct with a superbly
refined subtle conscious energy field from which have emanated the four Vedas
and their branches and sub branches. A great banyan tree lies hidden in the
interior of each of its seeds. Which it sprouts and develops into a tree, gets
embellished with innumerable twigs, branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. As is
the growth of a tiny sees in a tree several thousand million times bigger than
its origin, so have the twenty four letters of Gayatri bloomed and manifested
themselves in the stupendous, all-encompassing Vadic literature.
T he origin of Grammar lies in the fourteen sounds
produced by Shiva's Damaru ( musical percussion instrument) Mahadev ,once in
ecstasy, played his favorite instrument Damaru which produced fourteen sounds.
Pamini, the celebrated pioneering Grammarian of ancient India, created his
great grammatical treatise on the basis of these fourteen sounds. Since then,
its interpretation and elaborations have assumed so huge a form that they can
constitute a library of grammatical literature. Similarly, the twenty-four
letters of Gayatri Mantra have manifested in each and every branch and
sub-branch of Vedic literature. Gayatri is the Primordial World and Vedic
Richas (Stanzas) its detailed interpretations.
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